Executive Summary:  The original Eucharist was a vegan thanksgiving Messianic Banquet, subsequently transformed into a bizarre, abstruse, cannibalistic cult by Paul (cf. Tabor 2012, pp. 14-15, 44-47, 148-151). Luke juxtaposes   the Messianic feast (Luke 22:15-18) with the cannibalistic cult (Luke 22:19-21) in his own account of the last supper, making one wonder whether Jesus will drink His own blood with the disciples in the future Kingdom of God. That Jesus regards the Last

Summary : The immediate cause of Jesus’ death is His direct action to liberate animals from the Second Temple (Matthew 21:12–13; Mark 11:15–17; Luke 19:45–46; John 2:13–16), which severely offended the Chief Priests and scribes by greatly compromising their lucrative commercial interests (Tabor 2012; Akers 2020). Secondary causes include long-standing grudges or religious discrepancies between the Jewish priests and Jesus, and the Romans’ concern about the subversive, anti-co

Contrary to the mainstream church’s doctrine, the Eucharist is not Jesus’ flesh and blood; Jesus is not the ultimate sacrificial lamb to atone for our sins.   1. Eating Blood, Even Symbolically, is a Taboo Eating blood, even symbolically, is strictly forbidden by the Torah (cf. Tabor 2012; Leviticus 17:10-14), and Jesus came to fulfil the Law rather than to abolish it (Matt. 5:17). The Last Supper or the Eucharist is described in the Messianic Rule  in the Dead Sea Scrolls  

Contrary to the belief of many theologians — including Thomas Aquinas, Pope Benedict XVI, Craig Keener, Scott Hahn, and N. T. Wright — Jesus did not consume the Passover lamb. Per the Gospel of John, the Last Supper  took place before  the Passover  (John 13:1). Since the Jewish day begins at sunset, this places the meal at the beginning of the Passover Preparation Day , which John explicitly identifies later (John 19:14). During the Last Supper, bread instead of animal flesh

Executive Summary : Jesus’ revolutionary goals  w.r.t. animal well-being were twofold. He sought the abolition of animal sacrifice as well as 'meatism,' the consumption of flesh. The two are closely intertwined because meatism is the sacrifice of innocent animals to the belly-idol (Prov 23:20-21; Phil 3:19). Notably, Jesus admonished the Pharisees, quoting Hosea 6:6, "Go and learn what this means: I desire compassion rather than sacrifice " (Matt 9:13 NASB).   Jesus' revoluti

Bless the Lord, O my soul! O God, how tender is Your light, robed in the brilliance of morning, You stretch the heavens like silken cloth.   You walk on the breath of the wind, and sing through the wings of doves. You set the earth on its sure foundation, and plant peace in every meadow.   The springs gush forth in hidden places, quenching the thirst of all who wander. Birds nest safely among the branches, and sing psalms where no temple walls rise.   You water the hills wit

Jesus teaches us to pray in this way: “Thy will be done on earth, as it is in heaven” (Matt. 6:10). What matters most, therefore, is God’s will, not our own. Our prayer becomes effective only when it is aligned with God’s will. If you pray for immense power so that you may exploit other fellow humans and animals and trample on their heads, such a prayer will not be fulfilled. For a prayer to be effective, it must be compassionate and directed toward the good of sentient being

Every year on International Women’s Day (8 March), people around the world honour the dignity, suffering, and resilience of women. From a biblical perspective, this day also invites reflection on how societies treat the vulnerable—especially mothers. The modern dairy industry depends entirely on the reproductive exploitation of females. Like all mammals, cows must be pregnant in order to produce milk. To maintain constant milk production, dairy cows are typically subjected to

Today (4 March) the Church commemorates Gerasimus of the Jordan (c. 400/410–475). Born in Lycia in southern Asia Minor into a wealthy family, Gerasimos renounced family ties, riches, and worldly concerns, and embraced the monastic life in the desert of the Thebaid in Egypt. Later, around the year 450, he came to the banks of the Jordan River in Palestine, where he founded a vegan lavra and became its abbot. The discipline of the community was very strict. The advanced anchori

Be sure of this: The wicked will not go unpunished, but those who are righteous will go free.   (Proverbs 11:21 NIV) On 20 January 2023 at noon — just two days before the Lunar New Year of the Rabbit — a tragic incident occurred at the Sheung Shui Slaughterhouse in the New Territories of Hong Kong. A 61-year-old butcher surnamed Choi, who was in charge of the facility, was preparing to slaughter a large pig. After stunning the terrified animal with a captive bolt, he raised a

Today (Feb 18) marks the beginning of Lent, the forty-day season of repentance and preparation for Easter. As Jesus fasted in the wilderness before beginning his ministry, so believers are invited to humble themselves, seek purification of heart, and return to God with renewed commitment to compassion and righteousness. The following is a suggested vegan Lenten plan. 1. Guiding Vision “Is not this the fast that I choose: to loose the bonds of wickedness… to let the oppressed

Recently, TT, a member of our FB group, Vegan Theology, left the following comment under one of my posts:- “Ugh... if there was an all-powerful loving God. how can he watch the suffering that goes on (in a factory farm for instance) and not do a thing?!... just because he wants to give free will.. that's such a lame excuse.. the real reason is because that God is totally non-existent.” Whilst TT questions, “How can a loving God allow suffering?”, my line of thought explores t

Introduction : “ A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones”  (Prov. 17:22). “Emotional wounds need emotional healing,” as the Hong Kong saying goes. Jesus must have healed Mary Magdalene’s ostracization and trauma (note 1) not only through exorcistic healing, but through love, inclusion, trust, camaraderie, and companionship. This aligns with His broader pattern of healing—not merely curing physical ailments, but restoring dignity, breaking so

“Vegetarian” Christian theologian Stephen H. Webb (1961–2016) argued that MxDxxxxd’s provides inexpensive, calorie-dense food and implied that Christians should accept fast food and factory farming as unavoidable features of modern life. He even suggested that because Jesus identified with ordinary people and ate simple food, He would likely patronise MxDxxxxd’s were He to return today (Webb 2011:20–24). 1. Jesus Desires Compassion, Not Sacrifice! Such a claim fundamentally m

Summary : In the OT, there are graphic descriptions of animal sacrificial rituals that make them sound like an evil cult dedicated to Satan. E.g., in Exodus (29:15-17) and Leviticus (7:1-6), there are phrases like "hands on its head", “slaughter”, "Cut... into pieces", "blood... to be splashed against the sides of the altar", "internal organs", "the head and the other pieces", "both kidneys with the fat", "liver", etc. In these two books, as well as Numbers and Ezekiel, it’s

Saint Philip Neri (1515–1595) was an Italian Catholic priest. The biography, The Life of Saint Philip Neri  by Alfonso Cardinal Capecelatro, unequivocally attests both St Philip Neri’s habitual abstinence from animal flesh (effectively a vegan/near-vegan diet), and his compassion for animals. 1. A Vegan Diet The book explicitly and repeatedly describes the saint’s normal diet as “His food was bread and herbs”. Animal flesh is “almost unknown” to him. Capecelatro states plainl

“Dear friends, let us love one another, for love comes from God. Everyone who loves has been born of God and knows God.” (1 John 4:7) This verse presents love not as a feeling but as evidence of spiritual rebirth. To “know God” is not defined by correct doctrine, ritual observance, or religious identity, but by the active expression of love that reflects God’s own nature. Since the epistle goes on to say that “God is love”  (4:8), love is not merely something God does — it is

Over the past three months, I encountered a challenge in which someone actively accused me of something I did not do. It was directly related to veganism and indirectly related to theology. It all came to an end a few days ago. I’m sharing this not to revisit events, but to show how theology becomes practice when we’re tested. God has used this crisis to grant me an experiential grasp of a few essential spiritual truths, which are infinitely more important than the matter its

James the Just (early 1 st  century – 62 AD) is Jesus’ biological brother (Mark 6:3; Matt 13:55–56; Galatians 1:19) though later Catholic patristic writers, like St. Jerome, deliberately denied that James and Jesus came from the same mother, not on historical grounds, but to defend the doctrine of Mary’s perpetual virginity. James is also Jesus’ official successor ( Acts  15:13-21, 21:18; The Gospel of Thomas , saying 12; Clement of Alexandria, qtd. Eusebius, Ecclesiastical H

According to 2 Kings 22, two versions of Moses’ Law were in circulation, one corrupt and one authentic. The latter was discovered by Hilkiah the priest during the reign of King Josiah. When it was presented to the king, he tore his robe and acknowledged that the nation had been acting wrongly. 1. “Christ has Revealed this to me!” According to Kam Waters (2024), the corrupted version of the Law was anti-vegan, whereas the authentic Mosaic Law was vegan. This understanding was